Subtoken Annotation

This category contains morphological annotation and phonological annotation, i.e. the segmentation of a word into morphemes and phonemes, and recursively so if desired. It is a special category that mixes characteristics from structure annotation (the morpheme and phoneme elements are very structure-like) and also from span annotation, as morphemes and phonemes are embedded in an annotation layer and refer back to the text/phonetic content they apply to. Like words/tokens, these elements may also be referenced from wref elements.

FoLiA defines the following types of subtoken annotation:

• Subtoken Annotation – This category contains morphological annotation and phonological annotation, i.e. the segmentation of a word into morphemes and phonemes, and recursively so if desired. It is a special category that mixes characteristics from structure annotation (the morpheme and phoneme elements are very structure-like) and also from span annotation, as morphemes and phonemes are embedded in an annotation layer and refer back to the text/phonetic content they apply to. Like words/tokens, these elements may also be referenced from wref elements.

  • Morphological Annotation – <morpheme> – Morphological Annotation allows splitting a word/token into morphemes, morphemes itself may be nested. It is embedded within a layer morphology which can be embedded within word/tokens.
  • Phonological Annotation – <phoneme> – The smallest unit of annotatable speech in FoLiA is the phoneme level. The phoneme element is a form of structure annotation used for phonemes. Alike to morphology, it is embedded within a layer phonology which can be embedded within word/tokens.