Lemmatisation¶
Lemma Annotation, one of the most common types of linguistic annotation. Represents the canonical form of a word.
Specification¶
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Example¶
The following example includes lemmas as well as part-of-speech tags:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 169 170 171 172 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 180 181 182 183 184 185 186 187 188 189 190 191 192 193 194 195 196 197 198 199 200 201 202 203 | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="folia.xsl"?> <FoLiA xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns="http://ilk.uvt.nl/folia" xml:id="example.deep" generator="libfolia-v1.5" version="2.0.0"> <metadata type="native"> <annotations> <text-annotation> <annotator processor="p1" /> </text-annotation> <sentence-annotation> <annotator processor="p1" /> </sentence-annotation> <token-annotation set="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/LanguageMachines/uctodata/folia1.4/setdefinitions/tokconfig-nld.foliaset.ttl"> <annotator processor="p2" /> </token-annotation> <pos-annotation set="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/proycon/folia/master/setdefinitions/frog-mbpos-cgn"> <annotator processor="p3.1" /> </pos-annotation> <lemma-annotation set="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/proycon/folia/master/setdefinitions/frog-mblem-nl"> <annotator processor="p3.2" /> </lemma-annotation> </annotations> <provenance> <processor xml:id="p1" name="proycon" type="manual" /> <processor xml:id="p2" name="ucto" version="0.14" /> <processor xml:id="p3" name="frog" version="0.16" begindatetime="2016-11-15T15:12:00"> <processor xml:id="p3.0" name="libfolia" version="1.14" type="generator" /> <processor xml:id="p3.1" name="mbpos" version="1.0" /> <processor xml:id="p3.2" name="mblem" version="1.1" /> </processor> </provenance> <meta id="language">nld</meta> </metadata> <text xml:id="example.deep.text"> <s xml:id="example.deep.p.1.s.1"> <t>De Russen kennen Nova Zembla sinds de 11e of 12e eeuw, toen handelaars van Novgorod het eiland al aandeden.</t> <w xml:id="example.deep.p.1.s.1.w.1" class="WORD"> <t>De</t> <pos class="LID(bep,stan,rest)" confidence="0.779762" head="LID"> <feat class="bep" subset="lwtype"/> <feat class="stan" subset="naamval"/> <feat class="rest" subset="npagr"/> </pos> <lemma class="de"/> </w> <w xml:id="example.deep.p.1.s.1.w.2" class="WORD"> <t>Russen</t> <pos class="SPEC(deeleigen)" confidence="1" head="SPEC"> <feat class="deeleigen" subset="spectype"/> </pos> <lemma class="Russen"/> </w> <w xml:id="example.deep.p.1.s.1.w.3" class="WORD"> <t>kennen</t> <pos class="WW(pv,tgw,mv)" confidence="0.833333" head="WW"> <feat class="pv" subset="wvorm"/> <feat class="tgw" subset="pvtijd"/> <feat class="mv" subset="pvagr"/> </pos> <lemma class="kennen"/> </w> <w xml:id="example.deep.p.1.s.1.w.4" class="WORD"> <t>Nova</t> <pos class="SPEC(deeleigen)" confidence="1" head="SPEC"> <feat class="deeleigen" subset="spectype"/> </pos> <lemma class="Nova"/> </w> <w xml:id="example.deep.p.1.s.1.w.5" class="WORD"> <t>Zembla</t> <pos class="SPEC(deeleigen)" confidence="1" head="SPEC"> <feat class="deeleigen" subset="spectype"/> </pos> <lemma class="Zembla"/> </w> <w xml:id="example.deep.p.1.s.1.w.6" class="WORD"> <t>sinds</t> <pos class="VZ(init)" confidence="0.999078" head="VZ"> <feat class="init" subset="vztype"/> </pos> <lemma class="sinds"/> </w> <w xml:id="example.deep.p.1.s.1.w.7" class="WORD"> <t>de</t> <pos class="LID(bep,stan,rest)" confidence="0.981886" head="LID"> <feat class="bep" subset="lwtype"/> <feat class="stan" subset="naamval"/> <feat class="rest" subset="npagr"/> </pos> <lemma class="de"/> </w> <w xml:id="example.deep.p.1.s.1.w.8" class="NUMBER-ORDINAL"> <t>11e</t> <pos class="TW(rang,prenom,stan)" confidence="0.990632" head="TW"> <feat class="rang" subset="numtype"/> <feat class="prenom" subset="positie"/> <feat class="stan" subset="naamval"/> </pos> <lemma class="11"/> </w> <w xml:id="example.deep.p.1.s.1.w.9" class="WORD"> <t>of</t> <pos class="VG(neven)" confidence="0.855677" head="VG"> <feat class="neven" subset="conjtype"/> </pos> <lemma class="of"/> </w> <w xml:id="example.deep.p.1.s.1.w.10" class="NUMBER-ORDINAL"> <t>12e</t> <pos class="TW(rang,prenom,stan)" confidence="0.990632" head="TW"> <feat class="rang" subset="numtype"/> <feat class="prenom" subset="positie"/> <feat class="stan" subset="naamval"/> </pos> <lemma class="12"/> </w> <w xml:id="example.deep.p.1.s.1.w.11" class="WORD" space="no"> <t>eeuw</t> <pos class="N(soort,ev,basis,zijd,stan)" confidence="0.999633" head="N"> <feat class="soort" subset="ntype"/> <feat class="ev" subset="getal"/> <feat class="basis" subset="graad"/> <feat class="zijd" subset="genus"/> <feat class="stan" subset="naamval"/> </pos> <lemma class="eeuw"/> </w> <w xml:id="example.deep.p.1.s.1.w.12" class="PUNCTUATION"> <t>,</t> <pos class="LET()" confidence="1" head="LET"/> <lemma class=","/> </w> <w xml:id="example.deep.p.1.s.1.w.13" class="WORD"> <t>toen</t> <pos class="VG(onder)" confidence="0.571429" head="VG"> <feat class="onder" subset="conjtype"/> </pos> <lemma class="toen"/> </w> <w xml:id="example.deep.p.1.s.1.w.14" class="WORD"> <t>handelaars</t> <pos class="N(soort,mv,basis)" confidence="0.99944" head="N"> <feat class="soort" subset="ntype"/> <feat class="mv" subset="getal"/> <feat class="basis" subset="graad"/> </pos> <lemma class="handelaar"/> </w> <w xml:id="example.deep.p.1.s.1.w.15" class="WORD"> <t>van</t> <pos class="VZ(init)" confidence="0.999469" head="VZ"> <feat class="init" subset="vztype"/> </pos> <lemma class="van"/> </w> <w xml:id="example.deep.p.1.s.1.w.16" class="WORD"> <t>Novgorod</t> <pos class="SPEC(deeleigen)" confidence="1" head="SPEC"> <feat class="deeleigen" subset="spectype"/> </pos> <lemma class="Novgorod"/> </w> <w xml:id="example.deep.p.1.s.1.w.17" class="WORD"> <t>het</t> <pos class="LID(bep,stan,evon)" confidence="0.996855" head="LID"> <feat class="bep" subset="lwtype"/> <feat class="stan" subset="naamval"/> <feat class="evon" subset="npagr"/> </pos> <lemma class="het"/> </w> <w xml:id="example.deep.p.1.s.1.w.18" class="WORD"> <t>eiland</t> <pos class="N(soort,ev,basis,onz,stan)" confidence="0.996804" head="N"> <feat class="soort" subset="ntype"/> <feat class="ev" subset="getal"/> <feat class="basis" subset="graad"/> <feat class="onz" subset="genus"/> <feat class="stan" subset="naamval"/> </pos> <lemma class="eiland"/> </w> <w xml:id="example.deep.p.1.s.1.w.19" class="WORD"> <t>al</t> <pos class="BW()" confidence="0.90383" head="BW"/> <lemma class="al"/> </w> <w xml:id="example.deep.p.1.s.1.w.20" class="WORD" space="no"> <t>aandeden</t> <pos class="WW(pv,verl,mv)" confidence="0.999559" head="WW"> <feat class="pv" subset="wvorm"/> <feat class="verl" subset="pvtijd"/> <feat class="mv" subset="pvagr"/> </pos> <lemma class="aandoen"/> </w> <w xml:id="example.deep.p.1.s.1.w.21" class="PUNCTUATION"> <t>.</t> <pos class="LET()" confidence="1" head="LET"/> <lemma class="."/> </w> </s> </text> </FoLiA> |